The 91st General Assembly of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church is meeting from June 4–10, 2025, at Trinity Christian College, Palos Heights, Illinois. This running daily report will be written by Rev. Todd Smith and edited by Linda Foh. Questions or comments may be addressed to Hank Belfield, stated clerk. Click one the following links to go directly to the report for Thursday; Friday; Saturday; Sunday; Monday, Tuesday.
Trinity Christian College in Palos Heights, Illinois (near Chicago) is the location for the 91st General Assembly of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church. Commissioners spent most of this first day traveling to the Chicago area.
Prior to the beginning of the opening worship service Trinity’s Vice President for Academic Affairs Jerome Douglas greeted and welcomed the Assembly.
According to the usual custom, the Assembly began at 7:00 p.m. with a worship service held at Ozinga Chapel. The moderator of last year’s assembly, Rev. John V. Fesko (Reformed Theological Seminary, Jackson, MS) led the Assembly in worship, preaching a sermon on unity from Psalm 133 entitled, “Why Are You a Christian?” The offering was designated for the Obadiah Fund, which provides diaconal assistance to retired ministers and their wives and for widows.
Following a brief recess, the Assembly reconvened in the gymnasium at 8:15 p.m. Rev. Fesko opened in prayer. The roll call was taken by stated clerk, Rev. Hank L. Belfield (Providence OPC, Chilhowie, VA). Non-commissioned committee representatives were seated as corresponding members and granted privilege of the floor, meaning they can speak on matters of business but are not allowed to make motions or vote.
Elder David Mahaffy (Sovereign Grace OPC, Oak Harbor, WA) gave a report for the Committee on Arrangements. He introduced the members of the committee and gave instructions to the commissioners regarding information they will need this week. At this point, the Assembly tested the voting devices with various statistical questions with the following results:
The final group was asked to stand to be recognized and the Assembly gave them a round of applause.
The stated clerk presented the minutes of the 90th General Assembly, noting that the PDF version was posted on OPC.org on August 27, 2024, but due to delays from the print company, hard copies were not available until October 23, 2024.
On behalf of the Committee on Ecumenicity and Interchurch Relations, Elder Mark Bube (Calvary OPC, Glenside, PA) introduced the fraternal delegates present, who were seated as corresponding members.
Election of a moderator for this year’s Assembly was the next item of business. The Rev. Brian L. De Jong (Grace OPC, Sheboygan, WI) was nominated by Rev. Danny Olinger (General Secretary for the Committee on Christian Education). With no other nominations, he was declared elected. The newly elected Moderator led the assembly in prayer.
The stated clerk presented overtures, communications, complaints, and appeals to the Assembly. He noted that there was 1 overture, 10 communications, 4 appeals in judicial cases, and 3 complaints on appeal.
Times for convening, recessing, and reconvening were set. The stated clerk pointed out the exceptions to the scheduled times. The Assembly convenes each morning at 8:30 a.m. and recesses each day at 8:30 p.m. In addition to mealtimes, there are two short breaks for refreshments each day, one in the morning and one in the afternoon. At 11:40 each morning the Assembly pauses its work for a daily devotional. On Saturday, the Assembly recesses after the afternoon session so the commissioners have the evening to prepare for the Lord’s Day. Area churches will host commissioners for worship on Sunday morning and provide lunch. The evening service will be held at Ozinga Chapel back on the campus at 6:30 p.m.
The docket was adopted with exceptions and special orders of the day noted by the stated clerk. The clerk assigned items of business to the various advisory and temporary committees, which were then adopted by the Assembly.
Mr. David Mahaffy, chairman of the Committee on Arrangements, presented three requests for excused absences of commissioners which were approved by the Assembly.
The Moderator declared the Assembly in recess until 3:35 p.m. on Thursday for advisory committee work. Mr. Olinger closed the Wednesday evening session with prayer.
At 8:30 a.m. the Assembly met in advisory committees. All members of the Assembly, except the moderator, clerks, and commissioners who give presentations in advisory committees, are assigned to an advisory committee, which typically meet for a half day. Advisory committees help the Assembly with its work. They are tasked with meeting with representatives of all the standing committees of the General Assembly (such as the Committees on Christian Education, Foreign Missions, Diaconal Ministries, etc.) to review their reports and recommendations. They also meet with knowledgeable parties with other business before the Assembly such as appeals, complaints, overtures, etc. This allows members of the Assembly more intensive time overseeing the committees than would be practical on the floor with the whole body. When an advisory committee reports that it is “silent” regarding the work of a committee under its review, this silence is understood to convey approval of the committee’s work and concurrence with its report and/or recommendations.
However, an advisory committee may bring recommendations to the Assembly that might differ from a committee’s report or recommendations under its review. But they may not do so without conferring with at least one member of that committee present at the Assembly. This structure allows for a greater “plurality” of sorts, with one group of ordained men (an advisory committee brought together just during the Assembly) reviewing the work of another group of ordained men (a standing or other committee of the GA) to advise the whole body as to how it should act when the Assembly gathers throughout the week.
Each year some of the commissioners and fraternal delegates bring their wives and families to the General Assembly. While the commissioners are in their advisory committees, the women meet. This morning, the Committee on Ministerial Care invited the commissioners’ and fraternal delegates’ wives, local OPC ministers’ wives and other women who serve the OPC to a time of fellowship, refreshment, and prayer hosted by Anneke Fesko, CMC’s Care Coordinator for Ministers’ Wives.
At 11:40 a.m., commissioners gathered in the gymnasium for morning devotions. Rev. Harrison Perkins (Oakland Hills Community, Farmington Hills, MI) spoke from Mark 8:22-30, delivering a message on seeing Christ more clearly. The Assembly then sang #446 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Be Thou My Vision.”
The Moderator declared the Assembly recessed for lunch at 12:00 p.m. Following lunch, the commissioners returned to advisory committee work.
The Assembly reconvened at the call of the Moderator at 3:35 p.m. with the singing of Hymn #378 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Look, Ye Saints, The Sight is Glorious.” Elder E. Wesley Reynolds (Midland, MI) prayed for the work of the assembly.
The Moderator received common consent to seat Rev. Charlie Dey (Presbyterian and Reformed Commission on Chaplains, PRCC and PCA Pastor) as a corresponding member and give him privilege of the floor. Rev. Dey presented the work of the Presbyterian and Reformed Commission on Chaplains (PRCC), which seeks to care for, credential, cover, call, and connect each of the endorsed chaplains. There are currently 12 OPC chaplains endorsed by the PRCC.
The Moderator appointed Rev. Archibald A. Allison (Emmaus OPC, Fort Collins, CO) as parliamentarian and Rev. Andrew E. Davis (Emmanual OPC, Kent, WA) to write the resolution of thanks for the Assembly, which would be presented for approval near the end of the Assembly meeting.
Mr. Belfield presented the report of the stated clerk. This Assembly marks the completion of his second term in office. He serves under the arrangements and oversight of the Trustees of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church and works a yearly average of 24 hours per week in addition to serving as full-time pastor in Chilhowie, VA for 24 years. He thanked his staff, Mrs. Charlene Tipton, Mrs. Linda Foh, and Mrs. Jackie Oftedahl. He reported that Rev. John W. Mahaffy (Trinity OPC, Newberg, OR) is serving his twenty-sixth consecutive year as the Assistant Clerk of the Assembly. He noted that the OPC Statistician Mr. Luke E. Brown is retiring after 40 years of service to the OPC.
The Assembly approved the following recommendations from the clerk: (1) A proposed amendment to the GA Standing Rules. (2) Appoint Advisory Committee 8 to draft a resolution of thanks for the faithful service of Mr. Luke E. Brown as Statistician of the OPC. (3) That the Assembly instruct the stated clerk to request each recipient of the hard copy of our Minutes/Yearbook to consider a voluntary contribution of $20 per copy.
Mr. David Mahaffy for the Committee on Arrangements, presented a request for an excused absence of a commissioner which was approved by the Assembly.
Rev. Stephen L. Phillips (retired minister, Quarryville, PA) gave the report of the Trustees of the OPC. Each year the Trustees remind the Assembly that the Employer Identification Number (EIN) is only to be used by the Trustees, not by individual congregations in the OPC. The Trustees nominated Mr. Belfield to be re-elected to serve a third term as Stated Clerk of the General Assembly. The Assembly concurred with that nomination and elected him to another three-year term. Rev. Richard N. Ellis (retired minister, NJ) and Elder John E. Hearn (Orlando, FL) were re-elected to the Board of Trustees. Mr. Reynolds prayed for the work of the Trustees.
Rev. John Keegan (Grace OPC, Fair Lawn, NJ) chairman of Advisory Committee (AC) 8 spoke to the printed report from Statistician Mr. Luke Brown as reviewed by the AC. It was noted that during 2024 the number of local churches declined by five to 300. Unorganized mission works increased by five to 41. Total membership grew by 179 persons (0.54 percent) to 33,566 members. Morning worship attendance increased by 695 persons (2.70 percent) to 26,441 in November. Total offerings of $85.7 million represented an increase of 4.24 percent from 2023. The church welcomed 20 new ministers last year. We praise God for blessing the church with 703 professions of faith, 1,147 new members by reaffirmation of faith, 780 covenant children by baptism, and many others by membership transfer.
The Assembly approved a recommendation by Advisory Committee 8 that the Statistician add the following question to the annual statistical report sheet: “Do you have an evening service? Yes or no.” Rev. Keegan prayed for the work of Mr. Brown and the election of a new statistician. Elder Mike I. Hammons (St. Augustine, FL) was elected to serve a one-year term as the new Statistician.
The President of the Committee on Foreign Missions, the Rev. John D. Van Meerbeke (Living Hope OPC, Gettysburg, PA) introduced the Committee’s report. General Secretary Rev. Douglas Clawson delivered the report. He pointed the Assembly to Revelation 5. In many ways the work done in 2024 was preparation for ministry that is now taking place in 2025.
Rev. Heero E. C. Hacquebord, missionary to Ukraine, was given privilege of the floor. He spoke of his ongoing ministry in Ukraine and the struggles due to the war in that nation. He reported that Sunday services continue at area churches, despite ongoing attacks. In L’viv, where the Hacquebords reside, life is relatively normal. It is a safe place to minister. He stated that the Crates for Ukraine humanitarian outreach saved many lives. He asked for continued prayers for peace and an end to the war and for Christians serving and living in hostile areas.
Mr. Clawson reported that between last year’s Assembly and this Assembly, two missionaries have come off the field and two more missionaries have gone to the field.
Rev. Benjamin K. Hopp, Regional Foreign Missionary in Africa and Haiti, addressed the Assembly. His work with Reformed denominations in South Sudan has served to build the church. He encouraged men to consider serving as missionaries.
The Assembly recessed for dinner at 5:15 p.m. with prayer led by Rev. Elijah K. DeJong (Concho Valley OPC, Concho, AZ).
The Moderator reconvened the Assembly with the singing of Hymn #430 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Salvation unto Us Has Come.” Elder Mark Rebhan (Farmington Hills, MI) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Rev. Benjamin Glaser of the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARPC). Rev. Glaser brought greeting from the ARPC. He asked for prayers for wisdom as their Synod meets next week. He asked for prayer as a new Associated Reformed Presbyterian Church in Canada will be formed. Erskine College is doing well, and he asked for prayers for the labors of the ARPC. Elder Bruce A. Stahl (Wentzville, MO) prayed for the ARPC.
Rev. Eric Hausler (Christ the King OPC, Naples, FL) delivered the report of the Special Committee on Criminal History and Officer Qualifications. He reminded the assembly of the statement adopted by the 90th General Assembly that leaves final jurisdiction on the ordaining of officers to the local session. Rev. Andrew Miller (Regional Home Missionary for the Presbytery of Central Pennsylvania) highlighted portions of the report. The committee’s recommendations that the report be distributed to the presbyteries and their candidates and credentials committees for study and make the report available to interested parties who wish to study it; and that the 91st (2025) General Assembly dissolve the committee with thanks were adopted. Rev. Michael S. Borg (Providence OPC, Bradenton, FL) prayed for the special committee.
The report on the Committee on Foreign Missions continued as Mr. Hopp discussed the ministry in Haiti. He asked for prayers for the church and the Delfis family. Elder Donald J. Grimsley (Concho, AZ) spoke of his time serving in Africa. Mr. Clawson concluded the report, asking that prayer and fasting for Foreign Missions and Missionaries not cease, and requesting prayer that God would raise up more missionaries from the OPC to go into His service.
Ministers James T. Lim (Faith OPC, Long Beach, CA), Philip T. Proctor (Sterling OPC, Sterling, VA), and John D. Van Meerbeke (Living Hope Presbyerian, Gettysburg, PA) and Ruling Elders John S. Emmett and Hayo Jager were re-elected to serve on the Committee of Foreign Missions as the class of 2028. Rev. Everett Henes (Hillsdale, MI) prayed for the work of the committee.
Rev. Craig Troxel introduced the report of the Committee on Christian Education (CCE). Rev. Olinger discussed examples of service and teaching in the history of the OPC. Elder John Dunahoo, Interim Executive Director of Great Commissions Publications, was granted privilege of the floor for the purposes of the report. He shared a video about the 50th Anniversary of Great Commissions Publications, a joint venture of the OPC and PCA.
Dr. David M. Van Drunen (WTS, California) addressed the Assembly regarding the CCE’s work on the Modern English Study Version (MESV) of the Confession of Faith and Catechisms of the OPC, including appendices containing all changes between the constitutional text and modern English Study Version text. The MESV will be posted on opc.org following the Assembly.
The stated clerk notified the Assembly of receiving Communication 11, a fraternal greeting from the PCA.
The Assembly recessed for the evening at 8:30 p.m. with prayer led by Rev. Daniel S. Schrock (Bethel OPC, Wheaton, IL).
After breakfast, the Assembly gathered at 8:30 a.m. The Moderator led in singing #447 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Christ, of All My Hopes the Ground.” Rev. Robert T. Holda (Resurrection OPC, Oshkosh, WI) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegates Rev. Shawn Anderson and Joshua Smith of the Reformed Presbyterian Church in North America (RPCNA). Rev. Anderson brought greetings from the RCPNA and spoke of their hosting the 50th Anniversary of the North American Presbyterian and Reformed Council (NAPARC) later this year. He asked for prayers for the 193rd Synod in three weeks as they deliberate pressing matters in the denomination and for the work of church planting. He ended his address encouraging greater unity in our denominations. Rev. John Shaw (Grace OPC, Columbus, OH) prayed for the RPCNA.
The Assembly resumed discussion of the Christian Education report. The recommendation to propose to the Ninety-Second (2026) General Assembly an amendment to Standing Rule X.2.C., regarding electing members of the committee, was adopted. The Assembly adopted Advisory Committee 2’s recommendations that (1) the General Assembly direct the stated clerk to send the MESV to each Church/Federation with which the OPC has relationships and to the International Conference of Reformed Churches (ICRC) and NAPARC, for their information, comments, or advice; and that (2) the committee prepare a printed version of the MESV to be made available to all ministers and sessions of the OPC who request a copy. Elders John R. Muether (Reformation OPC, Oviedo, FL) and Luke Shannon (Covenant Church, Orland Park, IL) were elected to the class of 2028. Mr. Perkins was elected to the class of 2026. Ministers David M. VanDrunen (WTS, California), Alan D. Strange (Mid-America Reformed Seminary), and Stephen J. Tracey (Lakeview OPC, Rockport, ME) were re-elected to the class of 2028. Elder David Winslow Jr. (Westminster, CA) prayed for the work of the committee.
Rev. C. Steve McDaniel Jr. (Calvary OPC, Glenside, PA) introduced the report of the Committee on Home Missions and Church Extension (CHMCE) and introduced General Secretary Rev. Jeremiah Montgomery. This is the oldest standing committee of the OPC which was established at the first General Assembly on June 12, 1936. At the end of 2024, the denomination had 305 established congregations and 36 mission works. In 2022, 9% of congregations were mission works; in 2023, 10.6% congregations were mission works; in 2024, 12% of congregations were mission works. In 2024 the committee supported six new mission works, twenty-four continuing mission works, twelve regional home missionaries, two church planting interns, and five special evangelistic projects. Church planter, Rev. Christopher Drew (Faith OPC, Grand Forks, ND) spoke of his service in North Dakota. Rev. John R. Nymann (All Saints OPC, Suffolk, VA) spoke of his service in Virginia. Regional Home Missionary (RHM) for the Presbytery of Wisconsin and Minnesota, Rev. James T. Hoekstra shared the work of church planting in the presbytery.
Rev. Zecharias A. Weldeyesus (Redeemer OPC, Doraville, GA) closed the session in prayer before the mid-morning break at 10:00 a.m. After the break, the Assembly gathered at 10:20 a.m. singing #22C in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Amid the Thronging Worshippers”. Rev. Joseph Wan (Providence OPC, Madison, WI) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Rev. Sun-Min Hong of the Independent Reformed Church of Korea (ICRK). He shared how the OPC and the ICRK began Ecumenical Contact in 2008, entered Corresponding Relations in 2010, and entered full Ecclesiastical Fellowship in 2014. Twelve students have graduated from their Theological Academy since 2010. A project to translate the Westminster Confession into modern Korean began in 2019 and is now ready for publication. Mr. Clawson prayed for the work of the ICRK.
The CHMCE report continued with a discussion by Mr. McDaniel regarding revitalization efforts in existing churches. Mr. Montgomery spoke of the financial challenges that are coming. Due to more requests than funds, the committee has adopted several new policies for new mission works seeking field support in 2026 or beyond. This included the following: (1) New mission works shall normally have at least 20 committed adults and $20,000 in reserve funds prior to applying for field support from the committee. (2) Support schedules will be linked to cost-of-living. (3) Financial support from the committee will be set at 200% of support from within the presbytery, up to the maximum level specified in the approved schedule for that work. Ministers James J. Cassidy (South Austin OPC, Austin, TX), Jeffrey M. Scott (Covenant Grace OPC, Roseburg, OR), and Mark A. Winder (Wolf River OPC, Collierville, TN) were re-elected to the class of 2028. Elders Michael C. Cloy and Stephen S. Vanderwey were re-elected to the class of 2028. Mr. Shaw prayed for the work of the committee.
Chairman of the Committee on Coordination, Rev. M. Scott Johnson (Mount Rose Reformed OPC, Reno, NV) delivered the report. The committee’s work focuses on recommending to the Assembly a combined budget for the three Worldwide Outreach Committees of Christian Education, Foreign Missions, and Home Missions and Church Extension. The committee also provides accounting services and support for the Committee on Diaconal Ministries and the Committee on Ministerial Care. The committee helps pastors and sessions regarding the stewardship of the church. Elder Keith A. LeMahieu (Bethel OPC, Oostburg, WI) spoke of his visits to presbyteries and shared the ministry of planned giving through the Barnabas Foundation which provides estate planning for members of congregations at no charge. By common consent, Mrs. Melisa E. McGinnis (Committee on Coordination Controller) was given privilege of the floor for the purpose of this report.
At 11:40 a.m. Rev. Damon A. Young (Grace and Peace OPC, California, MD) led the Assembly in the morning devotional. He led in singing #426 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “How Vast the Benefits Divine”. He spoke from John 15:1-11, delivering a message on being united to Christ.
The Moderator declared the Assembly in recess for lunch at 12:04 p.m.
The Assembly reconvened at 1:15 p.m. singing #98A, in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “O Sing, a New Song to the Lord”. Elder T. Andrew Demana (Dayton, OH) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Elder Randall Taylor of the Free Church of Scotland (Continuing) FCC. Mr. Taylor shared some background concerning the denomination. The denomination came into being in 2000. The denomination centers around experiential preaching. There are 43 congregations in the FCC with the U.S. Presbytery comprising 10 congregations. Rev. Iain A. M. Wright (Covenant OPC, Orland Park, IL) prayed for the work of the FCC.
The report on the Committee on Coordination continued with the approval of the following recommendations: The Assembly approved the committee’s proposed budget for Worldwide Outreach of $5,789,000. The Assembly adopted the Advisory Committee’s recommendation that the Assembly instruct the Committee on Coordination to allocate any 2025 Thank Offering receipts in excess of $1.6 million to the Committee on Home Missions and Church Extension. Mr. Johnson and Elder Ashraf Guirgues were re-elected to the class of 2028. Rev. Daniel R. Svendson (First OPC of South Holland, South Holland, IL) was elected to the class of 2027. Mr. Eric Kooi (Long Beach, CA) prayed for the work of the committee.
The report of the Committee on Diaconal Ministries (CDM) was introduced by Rev. Christopher B. Cashen (Trinity Reformed OPC, Lanham MD). He introduced Elder David Nakhla (Calvary OPC, Glenside, PA) who serves as the Administrator of the CDM. The CDM can receive designated giving for Refugee Ministry, The Persecuted Church, Medical Missions, and Special Relief—USA. Mr. Nakhla reported the National Diaconal Summit will be June 4-6, 2026, and urged the commissioners to encourage their local deacons to attend. Rev. John Ivy (PCA) was given privilege of the floor for the purpose of this report and spoke on the crisis in Ukraine. The committee shared a video on disaster relief efforts. Funds for Hurricane Helene relief reached $182,000 and funds for Hurricane Milton relief reached $166,606. The recommendation for support at the rate of $30 per communicant member passed. Rev. Adrian R. Crum (Harvest OPC, Grand Rapids, MI), Elder Peter R. Haines (Concho Valley OPC, Concho, AZ), and Deacon John J. Voss, Jr. were re-elected to the class of 2028. Rev. M. Jay Bennett (Grace OPC, Lynchburg, VA) prayed for the work of the committee.
Rev. James Clark (Garst Mill OPC, Roanoke, VA) prayed before the mid-afternoon break. The Assembly reconvened at 3:35 p.m. following the traditional General Assembly photo and afternoon break. The commissioners sang #244 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “A Mighty Fortress is Our God” and Elder James W. Onnink (Sheboygan, WI) led in prayer.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Rev. Jose Barringa of the Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Peru (EPCP). Rev. Barringa spoke of church planting. The EPCP currently has 2 presbyteries and 19 congregations. The Free Church of Scotland (FCS) began missionary labors in Peru in 1916. The first Presbyterian congregation was established in 1921. The OPC entered into Corresponding Relations with the EPCP in 2019. The OPC is sponsoring them in the ICRC. Mr. Clawson prayed for the work of the EPCP.
Assistant Clerk Rev. John Mahaffy (Trinity OPC, Newburg, OR) had the Assembly approve pages 1-12 of the minutes.
The report of the Committee on Ministerial Care (CMC) was presented by Elder Gregory S. De Jong (Bethel OPC, Wheaton, IL) and Director of Ministerial Care, Rev. John Fikkert. The committee seeks to support the ministers of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church as they strive to be faithful to their calling. Financial planners volunteer their time to meet with ministers. The OPC Pension plan had 407 participants at the end of 2024 which represents 67% of eligible pastors. The David E. Haney Memorial Fund continues to give sabbatical grants and retreat grants to ministers. Mrs. Anneke Fesko continues to serve as Care Coordinator for Ministers’ Wives. The recommendation that the ministry of the CMC be supported at the amount of $25 per communicant member was adopted. Ministers Ronald E. Pearce (retired), and Brett A. McNeill (Reformation OPC, Olympia, WA) and Elder John E. Hearn (Lake Sherwood OPC, Orlando, FL) were re-elected to the class of 2028. Rev. John Shaw (Grace OPC, Columbus, OH) was elected to the class of 2026. Rev. Jay Bennett (Grace OPC, Lynchburg, VA) prayed for the work of the committee.
Mr. Wright introduced the report of the Committee on Ecumenicity and Interchurch Relations (CEIR). Mr. Bube shared the report with the Assembly. The OPC has ecclesiastical relationships with forty-eight other Presbyterian and Reformed churches. There are three different levels of relationship. Our full relationship is Ecclesiastical Fellowship. Corresponding Relations is a getting to know one another stage. Ecumenical Contact is establishing initial relationships with other churches. The OPC is also a member of NAPARC and ICRC. The Assembly adopted the following recommendations: (1) That the 91st (2025) General Assembly invite the Presbyterian Free Church—Central India (PFC-CI) into a relationship of Corresponding Relations. (2) That the Assembly invite the Reformed Churches of Brazil (RCB) into a relationship of Corresponding Relations. (3) That the Assembly clarify its understanding that the OPC’s ecclesiastical relationship with the Christian Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (CRCN) is more accurately reflected in a relationship of Corresponding Relations and requests the CEIR to adjust its Schedule of Current Ecclesiastical Relationships accordingly. (4) That the Assembly support the application of the Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Peru (EPCP) for membership in the International Conference of Reformed Churches (ICRC) and agree to serve as one of the two required Member Churches in sponsoring that application. The fifth recommendation regarding erecting a Special Committee to study the power of presbyteries to dissolve congregations was postponed until after the consideration of Overture 1.
Rev. Camden Bucey (Historian of the OPC) gave his report. He showed a memorial video of ministers who passed away in the last year. Two new books are about to be released, Anthology of OPC History and a second edition of History for a Pilgrim People. Mr. Keegan prayed for the work of the Historian.
Elder Peter E. Onnink (Covenant OPC, Orland Park, IL) prayed for the close of the afternoon session. The Moderator declared the body to be in recess for dinner from 5:15 to 6:45 p.m.
Following dinner, the commissioners reconvened at 6:45 p.m. singing #408 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “For All the Saints,” and Rev. David Noe (Reformation OPC, Grand Rapids, MI) led in prayer.
Rev. John V. Fesko, Moderator of the previous Assembly, assumed the chair for the report of the Committee for the Historian. Mr. Olinger gave the introduction to the report and reminded the Assembly that it was only 11 years away from the 100th anniversary of the OPC. Mr. De Jong spoke on the project of a video history of the OPC prior to 2036. This video project will be broken up in short episodes that can be used in Sunday school class and small group studies. The committee played a video sharing an overview of this project and providing a preview of one of the episodes. Following the report, Mr. De Jong was re-elected to the class of 2028. Mr. Keegan prayed for the work of the Historian and the Committee for the Historian. Mr. De Jong resumed the chair.
Rev. John W. Mallin III gave the report of the Committee on Appeals and Complaints. There are four judicial appeals and three complaints on appeal presented to this Assembly.
The Assembly took up complaints 2 and 3, which are closely related. These complaints were filed by a member against the actions of his session relating to their interpretation of Genesis 1:28.
Having reached the order of the day, the Moderator declared the Assembly to be in recess at 8:00 p.m. Mr. Troxel closed the evening session in prayer.
After breakfast on Saturday morning, the Assembly gathered at 8:30 a.m. The Assembly sang #448. in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Union with Thee” and Rev. Lane G. Tipton (Trinity OPC, Easton, PA) opened the morning session in prayer.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Rev. Breno Macedo of the Reformed Church in the U.S. (RCUS) who brought greetings from the RCUS. He reminded commissioners of Eph. 4:3, “eager to maintain the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace,” speaking of the love and faith that we share. The RCUS continues to emphasize the works of Home and Foreign missions, encouraging congregations to be more mission and evangelistically minded. They are celebrating 300 years of history this year. Mr. Wright prayed for the work of the RCUS.
The Assembly returned to complaints 2 and 3. The Assembly heard from both the complainant and the session. A motion to reconsider whether complaint 2 is in order and properly before the Assembly was adopted. Complaint 2 was found to be in order.
Mr. Hoekstra prayed for the Assembly prior to the break at 10:00 a.m. After the morning break, the Assembly sang #480 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “I Have no Other Comfort” and Rev. David J. Koenig (Pilgrim OPC, Dover, NH) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Rev. Clawson introduced fraternal delegate Rev. Rodrigo Espinoza of the Presbyterian Church of the Reformation in Colombia (PCRC). This is his first time in the United States. He brought greetings to the Assembly from the PCRC. Today there are five established churches and three missions. He shared that although there are cultural and geographical differences, we share one faith and one Lord. He spoke of God’s redemption in his life and his work in Bogota, Columbia. The prayers, support, and fellowship are precious to the church in Columbia. Please uphold the work of the church in Columbia in your prayers. Mr. Clawson prayed for the PCRC.
After returning to complaints 2 and 3 the Assembly was informed that the complainant would like to withdraw complaints 2 and 3. The Assembly allowed the complainant to withdraw his complaints. Mr. Fesko prayed for the complainant.
Next the Assembly took up appeals 3 and 4. Appeal 3 is an appeal from a Ruling Elder regarding the judgment of a Presbytery in the case of the judgement of a session to request the session to reconsider its level of censure rather than to reduce the level of censure to rebuke. Appeal 4 is tied to number 3 in that it involves the same session from appeal 3, appealing the judgment of a Presbytery in the case of the judgment of the session against a Ruling Elder. The Assembly considered appeal 4 before appeal 3.
At 11:40 Mr. Schrock led the devotional service. He read from 2 Corinthians 1:23-2:4 and delivered a message on pastoral admonishment and what it means to embrace the cross. The Assembly sang #405 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “I Love Thy Kingdom Lord.” Mr. Schrock prayed to end this session and for the meal. The Moderator declared the body in recess for lunch at 12:00 p.m.
The Assembly reconvened at 1:15 p.m. singing #84B in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “O Lord of Hosts, How Lovely”. Rev. Daniel R. Svendsen (First OPC of South Holland, South Holland, IL) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Elder Chris Boersma of the Reformed Churches in Brazil (RCB) who brought greetings from the RCB. They have 17 congregations throughout Brazil. They are the only church in South America who are currently members of the ICRC. The church is the fruit of work done in the early 1970s. On Friday afternoon the OPC officially invited the RCB into a relationship of Corresponding Relations. Mr. Nakhla prayed for the RCB.
Assistant Clerk Mahaffy had the Assembly approve pages 13-16 of the minutes.
The Assembly returned to work on appeal 4.
Elder Eric B. Johnson (Oshkosh, WI) closed this session in prayer. Following the afternoon break, the Assembly reconvened at 3:40 p.m., singing #187 the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “I Belong to Jesus”. Rev. W. Vernon Picknally Jr. (Bethel Reformed, Fremont, MI) prayed for the work of the commissioners.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Rev. Casey Freswick of the United Reformed Churches of North America (URCNA) who brought greetings. He read from Ps. 103. The URNCA is celebrating their 30th anniversary. He rejoiced in covenantal faithfulness from generation to generation and our joint labors together. The URCNA is the other member of the Trinity Psalter Hymnal joint venture with our Committee on Christian Education. He encouraged use of their work on Human Sexuality set in a Catechism format for study. Rev. Robert E. Tarullo (Westminster OPC, Countryside, IL) prayed for the work of the URCNA.
Mr. David Mahaffy presented one request for an excused absence of a commissioner from the Saturday afternoon session which was approved by the Assembly.
The Assembly returned to work on appeal 4. No specifications of error were sustained so appeal 4 was not sustained. The judgment of the lower judicatory is upheld. That makes appeal 3 moot and will not be considered by the Assembly.
The Assembly recessed at 5:15 p.m. Rev. Bryan D. Estelle (WTS California) closed this session in prayer. There is customarily no evening session on Saturday so that commissioners can prepare for worship on the Lord’s Day.
On the Lord’s Day, commissioners enjoyed a day of rest from Assembly business by worshipping with area OPC congregations who also hosted them for lunch. At 6:30 p.m. commissioners and local congregants gathered at Trinity’s Ozinga Chapel for an evening worship service led by Rev. Ian A.M. Wright (Covenant OPC, Orland Park, IL). He read from 2 Chronicles 36:1-16 and gave a sermon on the “Persistent Compassion of God.” The offering went to Worldwide Outreach of the OPC.
The Moderator called the Assembly to order at 8:30 a.m. singing #282 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “I Greet Thee, Who My Sure Redeemer Art.” Rev. Michael J. Matossian (Christ OPC, St. Charles, MO) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Clawson introduced fraternal delegate Lungawiruol Khawbung of the Reformed Presbyterian Church North East India (RPCNEI). The church was established in 1979. The OPC has been in Corresponding Relations with the RPCNEI since 2017. There are 99 congregations, 6 presbyteries, and 2 mission works in the PRCNEI. Mr. Clawson prayed for the work of the RPCNEI.
The stated clerk noted communication 12 that has come in from the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in England and Wales (EPCEW).
The order of the day to take up Overture 1 came before the Assembly. The Overture came from the Presbytery of the Midwest asking the assembly to erect a Special Committee of seven with a budget of $7,500 to review the Form of Government (FG) and the Book of Discipline (BD) and report to the 93rd General Assembly (2027) any recommendations for amending The Book of Church Order (BCO). A motion to substitute with a minority report asking the Presbytery of the Midwest to bring specific changes back to the Assembly was not granted.
The Moderator declared the body in recess at 10:00 a.m. with prayer by Elder Ben Stahl (Wentzville, MO). The Assembly reconvened at 10:20 a.m. singing #96 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Sing to the Lord, Sing His Praise” and Rev. Zachary R. Keele (Escondido, Escondido, CA) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Rev. James Blair from the Reformed Presbyterian Church of Ireland (RPCIre). He brought greetings from the RPCIre. The denomination was established in 1979. There are 41 congregations across the island. The 314th synod will meet soon. He asked for prayers for the church, the upcoming synod meeting, and that God would raise up more men to proclaim the gospel. Mr. Wright prayed for the work of the RPCIre.
Mr. David Mahaffy, presented one request for an excused absence of a commissioner from the remainder of the assembly, which was approved.
The Assembly returned to Overture 1. Overture 1 was granted. A committee was elected consisting of Archibald Allison (Emmaus, Fort Collins, CO), Mark Bube (Administrator for the Committee on Ecumenicity and Interchurch Relations), John Fesko (WTS California), John Mallin (Retired), Alan Strange (Mid America Reformed Seminary), David Winslow (Westminster, CA), and Peter C. Van Doodeward (Covenant Community, Greenville, SC). The stated clerk shall advise clerks of lower judicatories, as well as all ministers, that judicatories and private parties should communicate their proposed modifications to the FG and BD to the secretary of the Special Committee. Mr. Winslow was asked to convene the committee. Mr. Shaw prayed for the committee and its work. Recommendation 5 from the Committee on Ecumenicity and Interchurch Relations was referred to the newly elected committee. It read:
That the Assembly erect a Special Committee to Study the Power of a Presbytery to Dissolve Congregations composed of five ministers or elders elected by the Assembly and, with a budget of $3,000, to consider whether the powers of the presbytery enumerated in Form of Government XIV.5 should be expanded to include situations in which a presbytery concludes that the dissolution of a particular congregation might be in the best spiritual interests of the members thereof, even when the people have not requested such and/or the session involved has not advised such, and to bring recommendations regarding such to a future general assembly.
Ministers L. Anthony Curto (Greenville Seminary) and Robert E. Tarullo were re-elected to the class of 2028. Rev. Peter Van C. Doodeward (Covenant Community OPC, Greenville, SC) was elected to the class of 2028. Rev. David B. Carnes (Covenant Reformed Presbyterian OPC, Fort Pierce, FL) was elected to the class of 2027. Rev. John R. Nymann (All Saints OPC, Suffolk, VA) was elected to the class of 2026. Elder Kenneth F. Barnes (Charlottesville, VA) prayed for the work of the committee.
The Assembly then returned to appeals and complaints and considered appeal 1. This appeal is from a Ruling Elder against a session. The session found the Elder guilty of “failing to follow the Biblical process of resolving conflict in violation of the instruction of our Lord regarding Matthew 18:15” and “causing dissension within the body of Christ”.
The morning devotional was led by Mr. Keegan at 11:40 a.m. He read from Ecclesiastes 7. He gave a message on being created upright, fallen in Adam, our restoration in Christ, and destined for glory. The Assembly sang #119D in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “My Soul is Sinking Down to Dust.” Mr. Keegan prayed to end this session and for the meal. The Moderator declared the body in recess for lunch at 12:08 p.m.
The Assembly reconvened at 1:25 p.m. singing #115A in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Not to Us, LORD, Not to Us”. Rev. Micah M. Bickford (Grace Reformed Presbyterian, Farmington, ME) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Rev. Kurt Vetterli form the Evangelical Reformed Church Westminster Confession (ERKWB). He brought greetings from the ERKWB and Mr. Tony Curto. It is his tenth anniversary of meeting with the OPC. He spoke of the fellowship we share between denominations and the fellowship with other fraternal delegates. The ERKWB is growing slowly with 8 congregations and they are looking to plant churches in Switzerland. Mr. Bube prayed for the work of the ERKWB.
Mr. David Mahaffy, presented one request for an excused absence of a commissioner from the remainder of the assembly, which was approved.
Advisory Committee 12 presented the review of Presbyterial Records. One presbytery was approved without notation or exception: Presbytery of Wisconsin & Minnesota. Several recommendations were adopted. Four were referred back to the Advisory Committee to confer with presbyteries.
Advisory Committee 13 presented the review of Standing Committee Records. The recommendations were adopted.
The Assembly returned to appeal 1. All 17 specification of error in Appeal 1 were sustained. The Assembly judged that the errors were of such importance to require the reversal of the judgment of the session and then reversed the judgment of the session. Mr. Winslow prayed for the appellant, the session, and the presbytery. Regarding Complaint 1 on appeal, Mr. Fesko assumed the chair. It involves a session appealing the judgement of the presbytery in sustaining the complaint of members of a congregation regarding actions involving one of the pastors of the congregation. Four individuals were given permission of the floor for this matter.
The Moderator declared the Assembly in recess for the afternoon break at 3:15 p.m. The Assembly reconvened at 3:35 p.m. singing #431 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “And Can It Be That I Should Gain”. Rev. Warren R. Bennett III (Covenant OPC, Natchitoches, LA) prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Mr. Bube introduced fraternal delegate Rev. Kevin Backus of the Bible Presbyterian Church (BPC). Rev. Backus brought greetings from the BPC. He spoke of the division of our two assemblies for over 50 years. Over the years that relationship has grown in service and in love for one another and was restored to the level of full Ecclesiastical Fellowship in 2017. Rev. Backus has been addressing our assembly for over 30 years. They have 42 congregations including 6 church plants. Mr. Bube prayed for the work of the BPC.
The Assembly returned to Complaint 1 on appeal. The original complaint on appeal from members of a congregation was sustained and four amends were granted. Mr. Keele offered prayer for all those involved with complaint 1. Moderator DeJong resumed the chair. The Assembly then took up Appeal 2. This involves an appeal from a member who is appealing the ruling of a presbytery in pronouncing the censure of excommunication. Neither the appeal nor any of the specifications were sustained. The judgement of the presbytery is affirmed.
The Moderator declared the Assembly in recess for dinner at 5:15 p.m. Mr. Keele closed this session in prayer.
Following dinner, the Assembly reconvened at 6:45 p.m. singing #138B in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “With Grateful Heart My Thanks I Bring.” Mr. Nakhla prayed for the work of the Assembly.
Advisory Committee 2 reported on the letter from the Presbytery of the Southeast requesting the advice of the Assembly regarding an exception to the educational requirements for licensure and the eventual ordination of Elder Ben Stahl (Doraville, GA). The following recommendation was adopted: That the Assembly advise the Presbytery of the Southeast that it has no objections to the presbytery’s licensing Mr. Stahl without his having completed a course of study of at least a year and a half at a theological seminary, and that the Assembly further advise the presbytery that seeking advice regarding possible exception to seminary education requirements for ordination would best come following Mr. Stahl’s licensure and probation as a licentiate. Mr. Winslow prayed for Mr. Stahl and the presbytery.
The Assembly returned to Appeal 2. A motion to reconsider the specifications of error in appeal 2 was made. None of the specifications on the appeal were sustained. Rev. John Mallin (PC&SNY) and Rev. Everett Henes (PM&O) were elected to the class of 2028. Rev. S. Scott Willet (PSE) was re-elected as the yearly alternate. Mr. Keele prayed for the work of the committee.
The report of the Committee on Chaplains and Military Personnel was presented by Jefferey Dronenburg, Sr.
The Assembly recessed at 8:32 p.m. Rev. Stephen L. Phillips (retired) closed this session in prayer.
Commissioners gathered after breakfast at 8:30 a.m. for the final day of the Assembly and sang #457 in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Jesus, Thy Blood and Righteousness”. Mr. Cashen prayed for the work of the Assembly.
The Assembly returned to the report of the Committee on Chaplains and Military Personnel and approved recommendations: 1) That the General Assembly approve the URCNA’s application for full membership in the Presbyterian and Reformed Commission on Chaplains (PRCC). 2) That the 2025 General Assembly maintain its previous level of contribution of $1,500 per OPC chaplain equating to a total 2026 budget assessment of $19,700. Rev. Jeremy Brandenburg (Redeemer OPC, Carlisle, PA) and Elder Jeffrey Dronenburg, Sr. were re-elected to the class of 2028. Elder Pete Spaulding (California, MD) was elected to the class of 2026. Mr. Borg (Providence, Bradenton, FL) prayed for the work of the committee.
The report on presbyterial records was completed with the approval of the four presbytery exceptions. Rev. Kenny R. Honkin (Active Reserve Army Chaplain) prayed for the work of the Advisory Committee.
The final report of the Committee on Arrangements was given by Elder Mahaffy. The committee appreciates the work of volunteers who serve. The following recommendations were adopted:
Rev. Robert E. Tarullo (Westminster OPC, Countryside, IL) and Rev. Andrew E. Davis (Emmanuel OPC, Kent, WA) were elected to the class of 2028. Elder E. Wesley Reynolds (Midland, MI) prayed for the work of the committee.
The Moderator will select an alternate from the remaining nominees, if needed, for the special committee to look into changes to the Book of Church Order.
The Assembly approved the budget for the 2026 General Assembly Operating Fund and requests churches of the denomination give $18 per communicant member.
The unofficial committee on Levity gave their much-anticipated report. The Jack-in-the-Box award this year went to David Nakhla.
The Assembly dealt with unfinished Advisory Committee Business. The following resolution was adopted: The Advisory Committee for the Statistician (AC 8) of the 91st General Assembly of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church moves that the Assembly adopt and present the following resolution of thanks to Mr. Luke E. Brown, Statistician, for his diligent service to the church and to our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ.
Resolution
Preamble: The 91st General Assembly of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church hereby makes known to Mr. Luke E. Brown our deepest gratitude, and thankfulness to the Lord, for your 40 years of diligent, sacrificial, and valued work as the statistician of the OPC, and adopts the following resolution in recognition of your service.
Whereas Mr. Brown has announced his intention to retire from the office of Orthodox Presbyterian Church Statistician at the conclusion of the 91st General Assembly, and…
Whereas God, in his merciful and generous providence, convicted Mr. Brown’s father and mother to follow their theological convictions in 1936, leading them to depart from the mainline Presbyterian Church in Vineland, NJ, and become charter members of the OPC, and…
Whereas these same Spirit-wrought convictions were imparted to Mr. Brown (cf. 2 Tim. 15), equipping him for the task of not only gathering and compiling data and statistics, but giving the members and officers of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church important insight into the outworking of the Lord Jesus Christ’s promise to “build His church” (Matt. 16:18), “in the gathering and perfecting of the saints” (WCF XXV.3), “the number of which is incalculable” (Rev. 7:9-15), and finally…
Whereas Mr. Brown, because of and through these same convictions, continued to serve the denomination and his Lord in this critical and important capacity, at often significant sacrifice to himself and those around him, even when providentially hindered from continuing in his role as an ordained officer in the Orthodox Presbyterian Church.
Therefore, Be It Resolved: that the 91st General Assembly of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church offers thanks and praise to God for the gifts of Mr. Luke E. Brown, who with perseverance, patience, wisdom, and dedication has served the Orthodox Presbyterian Church as its Statistician for four decades. He is to be highly commended for his diligence and steadfast service in this office, as well as for his precision in keeping the statistical records of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church. We thank the Lord for the great blessing our denomination has received through these years by his excellent administrative gifts, attention to detail, and his love of God’s church, and her saints.
To God be the glory!
Rev. Larry J. Westerveld (Trinity, Hatboro, PA) prayed for the work of Luke E. Brown.
A Resolution of Thanks was given by Rev. Andrew E. Davis (Emmanual, Kent, WA):
The 91st General Assembly gives thanks to God our Father for His great love in setting our Lord Jesus Christ as the King and Head of the church, who by His grace is continually ordering and subduing His church to Himself in the unity and fellowship of the Holy Spirit.
We are grateful for all the commissioners of the 91ˢᵗ General Assembly of the Orthodox Presbyterian Church, for their willing and faithful service.
We give thanks for the Committee on Arrangements and their work in providing everything needed for the General Assembly to function smoothly. We are grateful for the work of David Mahaffy, Bob Tarullo, Alan Montgomery, John Muether, Jesse Montgomery, Joe Troutman, and Hank Belfield (ex officio).
We also give thanks for our Registrar, Linda Jones, and the months of work she undertakes leading up to and during the assembly.
We thank Jeremy Chong, and Greg Ritzema, who greeted commissioners at the airport, and Bob Schurman, Wayne Kirk, Jack Schipma, Jensen Sorensen, Dustin Dunigan, and Larry Hollaar, who shuttled commissioners to the college.
We give thanks for Trinity Christian College—especially Brooke Simpkins (Director of Event Services), the dining services, Steve Lewis (Dining Services Manager), Zachary Walrath (Area Executive Chef), Crystal Marshbanks (Lead Catering/Dining Hall Supervisor), Jeffery Anderson (Daytime Lead), Jojo Fague, the student workers, and the events department.
We are grateful for the seminaries and Banner of Truth who hosted discussions during meals. We give special thanks that Mid-America Reformed Seminary provided the ice cream social to serve as motivation for commissioners to participate in the photo.
We are grateful for the photographers, Cairistiona Tarullo and David Wright, who volunteered to take on the impossible task of making us look good.
We thank the Committee on Ministerial Care for providing some of our commissioners with the college party experience they never had.
We give thanks for the pages: Gloria Allison, Carmen Fesko, Robert Fesko, Evelyn Meyer, Sophia Noe, Katerina Tarullo, and Anna Troutman.
We thank those who served the ad-hoc arrangements of the Presbytery of the Mid-West: Peter Onnink, Jason Voss, and Ray Zaagman.
We are grateful for those who assisted the Committee on Arrangements: Andrew Davis, Diane Dronenburg, John Fesko, Jr., Melodie McKenzie, Joshua Park, Cairistiona Tarullo, and David Wright.
We give thanks for Elizabeth Wallace, who took on many tasks and oversaw the pages with cheerful order—she truly served as the Title Page of this Assembly.
Thank you to Anneke Fesko for her care for the wives who attended the assembly.
Thank you to the spouses and children of those working at the assembly for the sacrifices they made.
We are grateful for Covenant OPC, who served our opening and Sunday evening worship.
Thank you to those who preached the Word of God for us.
We give thanks for our clerk, Hank Belfield, and assistant clerk, John Mahaffy, who have worked relentlessly to serve this body.
We give special thanks for our Moderator, Brian De Jong, who humbly and peacefully guided the 91ˢᵗ General Assembly through all her work.
May God continue to build His Church in peace, purity, and unity as the body of the glorified Christ.
The Assembly recessed at 10:00 a.m. and resumed at 10:20 a.m. by singing 148B, in the Trinity Psalter Hymnal, “Hallelujah, Praise Jehovah.” Elder Donald J. Grimsley (Concho, AZ) opened the session in prayer.
The Assembly thanked the Moderator and gave him a standing ovation.
Assistant Clerk Mahaffy had the Assembly approve the remainder of the minutes.
The Assembly rose and was closed in prayer by the Moderator. The Assembly sang the Doxology. The Moderator declared the body dissolved at 10:42 a.m. to be convened at 7:00 p.m. on June 3, 2026 at Geneva College in Beaver Falls, PA.
This report was written by Rev. Todd Smith, Covenant Orthodox Presbyterian Church, Coeur d'Alene, ID.
© 2025 The Orthodox Presbyterian Church
